Overview Slide

​A modifier describes a word or phrase in a sentence.

When it’s in the wrong place or has no clear word to describe, it can confuse the meaning.
Let’s learn how to fix them!

​Example Slide

❌ Driving down the road, the trees looked beautiful.
✅ Driving down the road, I saw the beautiful trees.

The phrase “Driving down the road” needs a clear subject“I.”

Workbook completion

​Misplaced and Dangling modifiers

Misplaced Modifier-Occurs when the modifier is too far from the word it’s supposed to describe.
❌ Sue heard her favorite song on the radio hanging the laundry.
✅ Hanging the laundry, Sue heard her favorite song on the radio.

Fix: Move the modifier closer to the word it modifies.

​Workbook completion

Dangling Modifier

Happens when the modifier has no clear word to describe — it’s left “dangling.”

Example:
❌ Driving the car, the radio stopped playing.
✅ While Mom was driving the car, the radio stopped playing.

Fix: Add or clarify the noun the modifier is meant to describe.

​To Revise

• To fix a misplaced modifier → move it near the word it modifies.

• To fix a dangling modifier → add the missing noun or reword the sentence.

Workbook Completion

1. Identify and correct the misplaced modifier.

a. ❌ She was arguing with her friend about a plant in her garden with purple leaves.
✅ She was arguing with her friend about a plant with purple leaves in her garden.

✅ The woman’s flowers, filled with dirt, will live in the plant boxes.
—or—
Filled with dirt, the plant boxes will hold the woman’s flowers.

​Correction

b. ❌ Filled with dirt the woman’s flowers will live in the plant boxes.

​Qn

workbook

✅ Listening to the baseball game on the radio, he talked to his mother.

​Correction

❌ Listening to the baseball game he talked to his mother on the radio.

​Qn

workbook

b. ❌ The torn student’s paper was lying on the desk.
✅ The student’s torn paper was lying on the desk.

2

a. ❌ We saw a flock of birds flying on the way to the library.
✅ On the way to the library, we saw a flock of flying birds.

1

Rewrite each sentence to fix misplaced modifiers.

b. ❌ Smiling with relief, it arrived just before the deadline.
✅ Smiling with relief, I delivered my report just before the deadline.

2

a. ❌ Resting today, the sense of calm felt nice.
✅ Resting today, Fatima felt a nice sense of calm.

​1

Correct the dangling modifiers.

How can misplaced or dangling modifiers change the meaning of what you write?