clauses

​• group of words functioning as a part of speech

• can't be a sentence

• no subject/verb

• my best friend (noun)

• with the blue shirt (adjective)

• for twenty days (adverb)

phrases

​• can be a sentence (not always)

• has subject & verb

• dependent clause: the wizard who cast a spell (not a sentence)

• independent clause: the wizard cast a spell (sentence)

​The man ate the pork soup.

While the woman was eating

​independent clause

​dependent clause

​The best Beijing Duck in Shenzhen

noun phrase (no verb)

​under the ocean blue

adverbial phrase (no verb)

​the boy on the bus.

will be running

in the kitchen

very quickly

Martha and Jan

​What types of phrases?

​prepositional phrase noun phrase

adverbial phrase verb phrase noun phrase

​What types of clauses?

when I get home

the lights are not on

when you wake up

put it on the shelf

since it fell on the floor

​dependent

independent