Rotation

​Rotate - to spin around a center (axis)

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​Axis - an imaginary line that an object rotates around ​

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​Earth rotates on its axis one time every 24 hours

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Day and Night

Earth's rotation on its axis causes the day/night cycle:

• the sun to rise in the east and set in the west

• the apparent movement of the sun and moon

Revolution

​Revolve - to move around another object​​

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Orbit - the path that an object takes as it goes around another object​

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Earth revolves around the Sun ​one time every 365 days

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​​The Earth does this around the Sun on its orbital path.

Seasons

Earth's revolution around the Sun and tilt causes ​the seasons to change:

• ​As the Earth orbits the Sun, the amount of sunlight each location on the planet gets every day changes slightly.

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Different parts of Earth receive the Sun's most direct rays . So when the North pole tilts toward the Sun, its summer in the Northern Hemisphere. When the South pole tilts towards the Sun, its winter in the Northern Hemisphere.

Earth's tilt = 23.5 degrees

What is an eclipse?

Eclipse

Occurs any time something passes​ in front of the Sun, blocking its light.

• This can be the Earth ​or the Moon

• When the Moon casts a shadow on the Earth, causing the Sun to go dark.

• The Moon comes between the Sun and Earth.

​Solar Eclipse

• When the Earth casts a shadow on the moon, causing the moon to go dark.

• Earth comes between the Sun and the Moon​.

Lunar Eclipse

Types of Eclipses

Lunar Eclipse

Solar Eclipse

Asteroids

Comets

Other Celestial Bodies

Meteors

Comet

• Comets are celestial objects composed of ice and dust that emit a long, bright tail.

• Most ​exist in the Kuiper Belt or Oort Cloud.

Asteroids

• Irregularly- shaped bodies composed of rock and metal.

• Many asteroids are found in the region between Mars and Jupiter known as the asteroid belt.

• Generally do not have tails.​

Meteoroids

• A small rocky or metallic body in outer space.

• Meteoroids are significantly smaller than asteroids, and range in size from small grains to one-meter-wide objects.