​The child reads with many word recognition and comprehension errors. It is the lowest reading level and one to be avoided.

Frustration Reading Level

​Level at which child reads words without any assistance and comprehends the text.

​​Independent Reading Level

​The teaching level at which students can read successfully.

​​Instructional Reading Level

​The area that falls between the instructional and frustration levels

Buffer zone

​The highest level at which a learner can understand material when it is read aloud to him/her.

​​Listening Capacity Level

​Unexpected response

​​Miscue

​A process that helps teachers learn how readers use cues to construct meaning.

Miscue Analysis

​A valuable aid in helping teachers determine a student's reading levels and his or her strengths and needs. It usually consists or oral and silent reading passages and comprehension questions

Informal Reading Inventory

​Documentation of a child's reading

​​Running Record