Intro to Chemistry

• Anything that has mass

• ​Anything you can use the five sense to detect

• All matter is composed of atoms, the smallest unit of matter

• Atoms are made up of:

  • Protons: positively charged

  • Neutrons: neutrally charged (no charge)

Electrons: negatively charged

​}Nucleus

• Element:  The smallest subunit of matter that retains the same properties

•  Number of Protons is what determines the element

•  Carbon:  C

  •  6 Protons

  •  6 Electrons

  •  6 Neutrons​

1. Nuclear Bonds

• Between Protons and Neutrons=nucleus

• REALLY STRONG

2. Bonds between atoms

• Sharing of electrons=molecule

• Much weaker​

• Strongest types of bonds

• Found in the nucleus of an atom

• What particles is this bond made of?

      Protons and Neutrons

If this bond is the strongest, how hard is it to break?

Extremely hard

So if you’re trying to break a nuclear bond (the nucleus of an atom), how many atoms are you using?

Just one​

• 2 or more atoms bonded together makes a Molecule​

• ​

  • ​Water=H₂O=2 Hydrogen atoms + 1 Oxygen atom

  • ​​Atmospheric oxygen=O₂=2 Oxygen atoms