PHS Skeletal System Part 2

•Flat bones protect, like a shell (ex: the sternum)

•Long bones add strength and can bear weight (ex: the femur)

•Short bones are useful as bridges (ex: the carpals and tarsals of the wrist)

•Irregular bones are complex shapes that provide surfaces for tendons and ligaments to attach to (ex: vertebrae)

•Condyles: rounded knobs at the ends of bones

•Epicondyles: similar, but smaller bumps

•Malleoli: bumps that form the ankle

•Process: part of the bone that projects out

•Tuberosity: a long bump that is hard to detect

•Crest: a raised ridge at the edge of a bone

•Axial skeleton (center axis) protects the body

–Skull and spine

–Spine is naturally curved

–3 types of ribs form a cage

•Appendicular skeleton (appendages) provides movement

–Arm and leg bones

–Pectoral girdle (shoulder)–Pelvic girdle (pelvis)