Periodic Trends

Albert Einstein

Niels Bohr

Dmitri Mendeleev

JJ Thomson

the total number of electrons in a neutral atom

the number of electrons in a positively charged ion

the number of electrons in a positively charged ion

the number of electrons in the outermost energy level

there are more electrons

there are more protons, neutrons and electrons

there are more energy levels

there are more protons and electrons

INCREASES; there are more protons and electrons, creating a stronger force of attraction

DECREASES; there are more protons and electrons, creating a stronger force of attraction

INCREASES; there are more protons, neutrons and electrons

DECREASES; there are more energy levels

energy needed to remove an electron in the outermost energy level

energy needed to remove an electron in the innermost energy level

energy needed to attract an electron to the outermost energy level

energy needed to attract an electron to the outermost energy level

is higher

is lower

doesn't change

there is more attraction for an electron to the nucleus since the valence electrons are closer

there is less attraction for an electron to the nucleus since the valence electrons are farther away

there are more protons

there are more electrons