Manifest Destiny and Westward Expansion

The plan to end all territorial expansion

The idea new colonies should remain overseas

The claim only eastern states deserved growth

The belief the U.S. should span coast to coast

Mexican Cession transferred territory to the U.S.

Louisiana Purchase bought land from France

Gadsden Purchase secured railroad route in 1853

Oregon Country was gained by compromise in 1846

Creating a cabinet of advisors for executive departments

Allowing Congress to choose the president’s advisors

Replacing elected officials with military commanders

Letting Supreme Court justices run federal departments

Hamilton: weak national bank; Jefferson: powerful central bank

Hamilton: strong national government; Jefferson: strong state governments

Hamilton: direct democracy; Jefferson: monarch-led government

Hamilton: local militias; Jefferson: national standing army

Frontier farmers producing grain and whiskey

Urban artisans opposed to tariffs

Northern merchants and factory owners with property

Southern plantation laborers without land

Joining France’s revolution to support reform

Signing Jay’s Treaty to punish American merchants

Issuing the Neutrality Proclamation to avoid wars

Invading Spanish Florida to secure new territory

They raised taxes on imported goods

They violated First Amendment protections

They expanded voting rights for immigrants

They ended all criticism of foreign policy

Protecting trade while cutting tariffs

Promoting agriculture while restricting industry

Stopping ship seizures versus safeguarding free speech

Expanding territory while limiting state powers

Francis Scott Key writing a patriotic song

Era of Good Feelings bringing unity

Andrew Jackson winning at New Orleans

Treaty of Ghent ending the war peacefully

It declared U.S. victory and expanded territory

It restored peace without declaring a winner

It punished Britain with heavy reparations

It guaranteed Native Americans new lands