Week 11 Presentation (Ionic Bonds)

It becomes an ion

It remains unchanged

It forms a covalent bond

It evaporates

Valence electron

Ionic bond

Cation

Ionization

Ionic bonds involve the transfer of valence electrons from a metal to a nonmetal.

Ionic bonds involve the sharing of valence electrons between two nonmetals.

Ionic bonds form only between nonmetals.

Ionic bonds do not involve valence electrons.

The number of electrons increases while the number of protons stays the same.

The number of protons increases while the number of electrons stays the same.

Both the number of protons and electrons increase.

Both the number of protons and electrons decrease.

It becomes negatively charged

It remains neutral

It becomes positively charged

It splits into two atoms

Both atoms lose electrons and become stable.

Sodium loses an electron and chlorine gains an electron, making both stable.

Chlorine loses an electron and sodium gains an electron, making both stable.

Both atoms gain electrons and become unstable.

Sharing of electrons between sodium and chlorine

Transfer of electrons from sodium to chlorine

Loss of electrons by chlorine

Gain of electrons by sodium

Usually solid and brittle

Low melting and boiling points

High melting and boiling points

Good conductors of electricity in molten or aqueous (dissolved in water) state

Ionic compounds do not dissolve in water.

Ionic compounds dissolve in water and their ions remain fixed in place.

Ionic compounds dissolve in water and their ions separate and move freely.

Ionic compounds dissolve in water but do not conduct electricity.

Group 15

Group 16

Group 17

Group 18

They have fewer electron shells.

They have more protons, increasing nuclear attraction.

They have larger atomic radii.

They have lower ionization energy.

Metals and nonmetals

Metals and metals

Nonmetals and nonmetals

Noble gases and halogens