The Impact of the Dawes & Homestead Acts on Native Americans

It promoted collective stewardship of land.

It divided communal tribal lands into individual plots.

It encouraged Native Americans to claim more land.

It increased tribal sovereignty.

To preserve Native American languages and traditions

To assimilate Native children by erasing their cultural identity

To provide higher education opportunities for Native youth

To promote economic independence among Native communities

restore U.S. citizenship to American Indians

encourage the study of American Indian religious practice

protect American Indians from nativist policies

assimilate American Indians into U.S. culture

Economic hardship

Social dislocation

Cultural revival

Disconnection from ancestral ways of life

As propaganda to improve morale among Allied soldiers

As a secret code for communicating battle plans between Allied units

As signal words for Allied spies posing as civilians

As a language of diplomacy for exchanges with enemy forces

The founding of AIM in 1968

The Wounded Knee Occupation in 1973

The passage of the Indian Self-Determination Act

The Dawes Act

Cultural revitalization

Legal victories

Growing influence

Loss of tribal sovereignty

It promoted collective stewardship of tribal lands.

It divided communal tribal lands into individual plots, undermining traditional ways of life.

It encouraged Native Americans to claim more land.

It increased tribal sovereignty and unity.