The Roman Republic + Empire

753 BCE

509 BCE

476 CE

100 BCE

Citizens

Senators

Consuls

Tribunes

To record Rome's laws for all citizens to see

To elect new consuls

To collect taxes from citizens

To organize military campaigns

Both have a Senate

Both have a written legal code

Both allow all adults to vote

Both have three branches of government

The Roman army was made up of professional soldiers.

The Roman army only fought during harvest season.

The Roman army did not use any armor.

The Roman army was not organized.

A legion consisted of about 5000 men.

Legions were divided into smaller groups called centuries.

Each century was commanded by a centurion.

Legions were only used for defensive purposes.

It allowed legions to be rapidly deployed against the enemy.

It made the army smaller and less effective.

It prevented soldiers from using advanced weapons.

It discouraged teamwork among soldiers.

Rome and Carthage; Carthage was located in northern Africa

Rome and Greece; Carthage was located in southern Europe

Rome and Egypt; Carthage was located in the Middle East

Rome and Persia; Carthage was located in western Asia

Three wars; about a hundred years

Two wars; about fifty years

Four wars; about two hundred years

One war; about ten years

Hannibal was a Carthaginian general

Hannibal invaded the Italian peninsula

Hannibal captured Rome

Hannibal nearly defeated the Romans

Managing diverse populations and cultures

Maintaining communication across vast distances

Defending long borders from invasions

All of the above

Increase in the number of slaves

Job shortages for Roman citizens

Generals gaining more power than Senators

All of the above

Augustus

Julius Caesar

Pompey

Cicero

Republic

Democracy

Monarchy

Oligarchy