Exploration and Conquest

Desire for new trade routes

Search for religious freedom

Escape from political turmoil

Interest in art and literature

To seek a maritime route to the riches of the trans-Saharan trade routes

To conquer new territories in Asia

To spread Christianity across Africa

To escape Ottoman control

Discovery of the Canaries

Discovery of the Cape Verde Islands

Discovery of São Tomé

Discovery of the Caribbean

Christopher Columbus

Vasco da Gama

Ferdinand Magellan

Bartolomeu Dias

1 million

5 million

9 million

15 million

Cape Verde Islands

Azores

Madeira Islands

West Indies

To buy gold and slaves from African princes and warlords

To explore new lands for colonization

To spread Christianity to Africa

To escape European conflicts

Finding a western route to Asia and carrying Christianity to its peoples

Conquering new lands for Spain

Establishing trade with African kingdoms

Mapping the Atlantic coastline

Christopher Columbus

Amerigo Vespucci

Hernán Cortés

Moctezuma

Lack of weapons

Internal fighting and disease

No knowledge of Europeans

Poor leadership

Disease

Warfare

Internal fighting among natives

Technological advancement

It led to the use of African slaves and made Brazil the world's leading sugar producer.

It resulted in the decline of sugar production in Brazil.

It encouraged only Native Americans to work on plantations.

It had no significant impact on the global sugar market.