Cellular Transport

The solute is the substance that dissolves in the solvent.

Water is commonly known as the universal solvent.

The solvent is always a solid.

Sugar can be an example of a solute.

It shrivels up as water leaves the cell.

It remains unchanged as water moves in and out equally.

It swells and may burst as water enters the cell.

It divides rapidly.

hypotonic

Isotonic

The cell membrane is an impermeable barrier that prevents water from entering the cell.

The cell membrane allows solutes to enter the cell, which causes the cell to shrink.

The cell membrane allows water to enter and leave the cell.

The cell membrane removes solutes from the environment.

Isotonic

Hypotonic

Hypertonic

Ions are negatively charged.

Ions are attached to large proteins.

Ions are trapped inside the plasma membrane.

Ions are moved against the concentration gradient.

passive

channel

protein

Passive transport

Simple diffusion

Active transport

Osmosis

Passive transport requires energy/ATP, while active transport does not.

Passive transport uses carrier proteins, while active transport uses channel proteins.

Passive transport moves substances from low to high concentration, while active transport moves them from high to low concentration.

Passive transport does not require energy/ATP and uses channel proteins, while active transport requires energy/ATP and uses carrier proteins.