Enzymes

High temperature

Low substrate concentration

Changing pH

Increasing substrate concentration

Intracellular reactions occur outside the cell, while extracellular reactions occur inside the cell.

Intracellular reactions involve the breakdown of nutrients in the gut, while extracellular reactions involve ATP synthesis.

Intracellular reactions occur within the cell, such as glycolysis and the Krebs cycle, while extracellular reactions occur outside the cell, such as the breakdown of nutrients in the gut.

Intracellular reactions are not enzyme-catalysed, while extracellular reactions are enzyme-catalysed.

Inhibitors can be produced by cells to regulate metabolic processes.

All inhibitors bind irreversibly to enzymes.

Inhibitors can be introduced from the external environment to damage cells.

Inhibition can be reversible or irreversible.

Competitive inhibitors bind to the active site, while non-competitive inhibitors bind to the allosteric site.

Competitive inhibitors change the shape of the active site, while non-competitive inhibitors block the active site.

Non-competitive inhibitors are structurally similar to the substrate, while competitive inhibitors are not.

Adding substrate reduces the effect of non-competitive inhibitors, but not competitive inhibitors.

Cell respiration

Translation

System regulation

Immune system