Writing a Speech

​Uses principles of effective speech writing focusing on:

• Audience profile

• Logical organization

• Duration

• Word choice

• Grammatical correctness

​​Audience Profile

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• ​Who is the audience?

• How many?

• What does the audience know about the subject?

• Why should they be interested? Audience Analysis

  Age Bracket

  Gender

  Educational Background

  Place of Residence (city, town, province)

  Marital Status

  Language spoken

• Religious Affiliations/Beliefs

Logical Organization

• The written speech has three parts: the introduction, body and conclusion.

• introduction- presents the main idea of your speech

• conclusion-reiterates the main idea

• body- offers definitions, examples, or any information that can help you convey your intent and clarify the main concept of your speech

Logical Organization

​The Introduction

• the most crucial part of the speech

• It is generally only 10 to 15 percent of the time the speaker spends speaking.

• According to Wrench (2012), a good introduction serves five functions:

(1) you should be able to gain audience attention and interest

(2) it states the purpose of your speech

(3) it establishes your credibility

(4) it should provide reasons for your audience to listen and

(5) your introduction should preview the main idea of your speech.

Logical Organization

​The Body

• the core part of the speech that addresses the main ideas and principles of the speech.

• It consists of the main points.

• This is presented using methods of organization (Flores 2016).

1. Problem-Solution Order- It explains the problem and suggests a possible solution.

2. ​Categorical/Topical Order- It divides the topic into subtopics based on the importance or interest value or simply because the topic requires it.

3. ​Chronological Order - A historical or time approach which is from the past to the present. It presents idea in time order.

4. ​Comparison and Contrast Order- It presents comparison and contrast of two or three points.

5. Spatial/Geographical Order- Going from one place to another, from one direction to another​

6. ​Causal Order- It involves a discussion of both cause and effect of an issue.

Logical Organization

​The Body

​use transitional devices:

Addition

Again, also, and, and then, besides, equally important, further, furthermore, in addition, in the first place, moreover

Comparison

Also, in the same way, likewise, similarly

Contrast

Although, yet, but, despite that even so, even though, for all that, however, in contrast, in spite of, instead, nevertheless, notwithstanding, on the contrary, on one hand-on the other hand, otherwise, regardless, still, though

Emphasis

certainly, indeed, in fact, of course

Example or Illustration

as an illustration, for example, for instance, namely, specifically, that is, to illustrate

Summary or Conclusion

all in all, altogether, as has been said, finally, in brief, in conclusion, in short, in simpler terms, in summary, on the whole, to summarize

Time Sequence

after a while, afterward, again, and then, as long as, at last, at length, at that time, before, earlier, eventually, finally, first, formerly, in the past, last, lately, meanwhile, next, now, presently, second, shortly, simultaneously, since, so far, soon, still, subsequently, then, thereafter, until, until now, when

Logical Organization

​The Conclusion

• ​The conclusion functions as the summarizer of the entire speech.

• The conclusion has to be written using different strategies (Tandoc, 2016).

 Present a summary

 Repeat the key ideas presented

 Repeat the central idea for emphasis

 Go back to the strategy used in the introduction

 Signal the end of your speech

 End with an impact

 Thought-provoking questions

 Humor

 Quotation

 A call for action

 A connection to a larger context

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Duration

• ​No matter how long the speech is, always divide it into five parts: an introduction, the body (paragraph 2, paragraph 3, and paragraph 4) and a conclusion.

• Most experts say that the ideal length of speech is up to 20 minutes. (Gray-Grant, 2017).

• Introduction: 2 minutes (250 words)

• Body: Point 1: 5 minutes (625 words) Point 2: 5 minutes (625 words) Point 3: 5 minutes (625 words)

• Conclusion: 3 minutes (375 words) Total word count: 2,500 words (20 minutes)​

Word Choice

​The following words should be avoided in a written speech. (Tandoc, 2016)

a. Jargons or technical terms specific only for a group of people

b. Redundancy or excessive repetition of words

c. Language inappropriate for the audience

d. Language inappropriate for the occasion

Jargons are specific words or phrases used by a certain individual or group which are difficult for others to understand.

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For example, the word idiopathic (which means unknown cause) and hyperventilate (rapid breathing) are jargons because they are technical terms in medical fields. The word affidavit (sworn) and circumstantial (specific details) are heard commonly in legal aspect or terms in in the field of Law. These words can be confusing if you are speaking in front of a general crowd or audience.

Grammatical Correctness

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• ​Using correct grammar when you give a speech is important to prevent misunderstanding and misinterpretation between you and the audience.

• Good command of the language helps listeners understand you quickly.

• Grammar inconsistencies slow down the communication process and generate negative impressions for the audience, as your ideas and thoughts are not clear and coherently conveyed.

​Identify the terms being referred to in the following statements.

​Please attach your output in the Quizizz link

​Failure to do so would not complete your Formative tasks

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​PLEASE REFER TO THE SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT IN YOUR GCLASSROOM

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