Mixture Review

• Physical combination of substances that can be separated physically

  • Homogeneous (Uniform)

  • Heterogeneous (Non-Uniform)

Solutions

• Heterogeneous Mixture

• Components are physically combined and physically separated

• Made of a Solute + Solvent

  • Solute: is dissolved (Salt)

  • Solvent: dissolves the solute (Water)

Universal Solvent: Water

• Dissolves many substances

  • Is Polar

    • Has partial positive and negative charges that can pull polar solutes apart

Likes Dissolve Likes

• Polar dissolves polar

  • Has charges

• Non-polar dissolves non-polar

  • No charges

Likes Dissolve Likes

Likes Dissolve Likes

​Solubility

• How well something dissolves

  • Unique for most substances and can vary due to outside influences

• Increasing temperature

  • Enhances solubility of a solid

  • Decreases solubility of a gas

Temperature

Grinding substances into smaller pieces exposes more molecules of solute to the solvent.

Surface Area

• Allows more molecules of solute to be exposed to the solvent​

  • Stirring

  • Shaking

​​Agitation

• The solvent can continue to dissolve more solute.

Unsaturated

• ​The solution contains the maximum amount of solute and cannot dissolve anymore.

​​Saturated

• ​The solution has more solute than can be dissolved. Some may crystallize out in the solution.

​​Super Saturated