​Matter/Energy are moved from one sphere to another by cycles in Earth's spheres/systems.

• ​Water Cycle

• ​Oxygen Cycle

• ​Carbon Cycle

• ​Nitrogen Cycle

​The Water Cycle

• ​Water is moved by sun's energy

• different phases of water (gas, liquid, solid)

• Water is the only common substance found in all 3 phases of matter

​The Carbon Cycle

• ​Everything is made of carbon (an element)

• 4th most abundant element in the Universe. (comes from old stars)

• Carbon in the atmosphere keeps Earth warm/ too much causes the greenhouse effect

• Very slow cycle- takes carbon millions of years to go from soil to air

​The Oxygen Cycle

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• Closely works with the carbon cycle through photosynthesis and respiration

​The Nitrogen Cycle

• needed for biological structures: cells, amino acids, and DNA

• needed for plants to produce chlorophyll which they use for photosynthesis

• 78% of our atmosphere is made up of Nitrogen