Reflection and Refraction

• Reflection: When light bounces off a surface, it changes direction.

• Refraction: When light passes through a medium, it bends due to a change in speed.

Exploring Light Energy

• Transparent: Allows light to pass through completely
• Translucent: Allows some light to pass through, but scatters it
• Opaque: Does not allow light to pass through

Sources of Light

• Natural Sources: Sun, stars, fire

• Artificial Sources: Light bulbs, candles, flashlights

How Light Travels

• Light travels in straight lines: Light energy travels in a straight line until it encounters an obstacle or is refracted.

• Reflection: When light hits a surface, it can bounce back, changing its direction.

• Refraction: Light can also change direction when it passes through different mediums, like water or glass.

Prisms and Rainbows

• Prisms: Transparent objects that refract light, separating it into its component colors.
• Rainbows: Natural phenomena caused by the reflection, refraction, and dispersion of light in water droplets.
• Colors: Each color in a rainbow corresponds to a different wavelength of light.

Rainbows

Rainbows are formed when light is refracted, or bent, as it passes through water droplets in the air. This bending causes the light to separate into its component colors, creating the beautiful spectrum of colors we see in a rainbow. Prisms also separate light in a similar way.