Cell Transport

• 1 Passive Transport: Cell membrane transport that does not require energy. with the gradient high to low

• 2 Active Transport: Cell membrane transport that requires energy. against the gradient low to high

Movement of substances from high to low concentration directly across the bilayer.

3. Diffusion

The movement of water across the cell membrane from low SOLUTE concentration to high SOLUTE concentration

4 Osmosis

• Movement of substances too large or too charged to go across the bilayer, a protein must help. NO ENERGY IS USED

5 Facilitated Diffusion

Cell Transport:

6. Molecular Active Transport-directly or indirectly uses ATP and a protein to move things across the cell membrane

   8. Primary Active Transport- directly uses ATP and a protein to move things across the cell membrane SODIUM POTASSIUM PUMP

   9.Secondary Active Transport- indirectly uses ATP

   1. Antiporter- moves against in 2 opposite directions

   2. Symporter- moves things in the Same Direction.

Cell Transport

7.Bulk transport- large quantities using vesicles
10.Exocytosis- moves things out using vesicles
11.Endocytosis-moves things in using vesicles

Endocytosis Types

12.Phagocytosis: Cell engulfing large solid contents from the extracellular environment, e.g., white blood cells phagocytosing bacteria.

13.Pinocytosis: Cell engulfing the liquid environment from the extracellular environment, allowing nutrient absorption.

14.Receptor-mediated endocytosis: Cell engulfing target substances (ligands) by binding to receptors on the cell membrane, forming a coated vesicle.