energy transformations

What is Energy?

• Energy is the ability to do work or cause

change.

• It exists in many forms, such as kinetic,

potential, thermal, and chemical energy.

Law of Conservation of Energy

• Energy cannot be created or destroyed.
• It can only be transformed or transferred from

one form to another.

Key Concept

• The total energy of an isolated system remains

constant over time.

Conservation of Energy Example

• Roller Coaster:
• - At the top: Maximum potential energy
• - As it moves: Potential energy converts to

kinetic energy

• - Total energy remains constant.

Energy Transformation

• Energy transformation is the process of

changing energy from one form to another.

• Example: Chemical energy in food becomes

mechanical energy in your body.

Examples of Energy

Transformations

• 1. Electrical to Thermal: Toaster
• 2. Chemical to Mechanical: Car engine
• 3. Solar to Electrical: Solar panels

Kinetic Energy

• Kinetic energy is the energy of motion.
• Formula: KE = 1/2 mv² (where m is mass, v is

velocity)

Potential Energy

• Potential energy is stored energy based on an

object's position or configuration.

• Formula: PE = mgh (where m is mass, g is

gravity, h is height)

Energy Loss?

• Energy is not truly lost but can be converted to

less useful forms, such as heat, due to friction
or air resistance.

Real-World Applications

• 1. Power plants (converting energy to

electricity)

• 2. Vehicles (chemical energy to mechanical

energy)

• 3. Renewable energy sources