
Gas Exchange/Vents/Trach
Presentation
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Education
•
University
•
Medium
Miranda Smith
Used 11+ times
FREE Resource
23 Slides • 13 Questions
1
Gas Exchange
2
Tracheostomy
Emergencies
Miranda Smith, Ed.D., AGACNP-BC
Adapted from Dr. Joseph Chamness
3
Objectives
• Identify Tracheostomy Emergencies
• Discuss the steps to improve
oxygenation during a tracheostomy
emergency
4
5
At Bedside
6
Identify Trach Emergency
Dislodgment
Obstruction
Pneumothorax
Equipment
Stacked Breaths
7
Dislodgement
Obstruction
Pneumothorax
Equipment
Stacked breaths
8
Dislodged
Old Trach then Replace
How do you replace?
Do not Force in
9
Fresh Trach
Less than 7 days old
CALL FOR HELP!
Do not replace
Why do we not replace?
Should have been sutured
10
Obstruction
Vigorous coughing
Suction
Change inner cannula
If old replace entire trach
RT may lavage
11
Oxygenation
Trach collar over stoma
BVM face or stoma
Cover stoma when using BVM
Be prepared to orally intubate
12
Is air getting past the balloon if using BVM?
13
14
BVM Straight to Stoma
15
Laryngeal mask around stoma to oxygenate
16
Trach Hemorrhage
Suction isn’t helping
Stop the bleed
Orally intubate
17
Steps to take
1
2
3
4
Call For
Help
Give
Oxygen
Remove
Inner
Cannula
Suction
18
Steps to take
5
6
7
8
Remove
Trach
Ventilate
Stoma
Intubate
Orally
Intubate
Stoma
19
Questions?
20
Multiple Choice
The nurse is caring for a client in the ICU who had a tracheostomy placed 14 days ago. The client has a forceful cough and the tracheostomy comes out. What should the nurse do immediately?
Reinsert the tracheostomy tube using the obturator
21
22
Multiple Choice
Which CXR would you expect with a client who has ARDS?
23
Multiple Choice
The nurse is providing care to a client who is being treated for aspiration pneumonia. Which finding below is the HALLMARK sign for the client who is developing ARDS?
PaO2 45
RR 8
BP 180/96
Restless and confusion
24
Multiple Choice
Which statement correctly explains ARDS?
This condition develpos because the exocrine glands start to work incorrectly which leads to thick mucous.
It is a pulmonary disease that gradually cause obstruction of airflow in the lungs
It occurs due to the collapsing of the lung because air has accumulated in the pleural space
It develops because alveolar capillary membrane permeability has changed leading to fluid collecting in the alveoli sacs
25
Multiple Choice
The nurse is caring for a client who is on mechanical ventilation with high levels of PEEP for ARDS. Which finding would indicate the patient is developing a complication related to their treatment?
HCO3 26
BP 70/45
PaO2 80
PaCO2 38
26
Multiple Select
Which treatments would be appropriate for a client who is being treated for ARDS?
Low Tidal Volume
High PEEP
Low FiO2
High RR
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28
Multiple Select
Vent Settings: PRVC TV 500 FiO2 60% RR 24 PEEP 10
ABG: pH 7.48 PaCO2 32 HCO3 24 PaO2 180
Which ventilator changes would be appropriate?
Decreaese FiO2
Decrease RR
Decrease PEEP
Increase tidal volume
29
Multiple Choice
Vent Settings: PRVC TV 400 FiO2 60% RR 18 PEEP 14
ABG: pH 7.38 PaCO2 12 HCO3 15 PaO2 80
Which ventilator changes would be appropriate?
30
Multiple Choice
A high pressure alarm is sounding on the ventilator. The nurse goes to assist the client and the vital signs are: HR 113, BP 174/98 (123), SpO2 78% PIP 55 RASS score +1. Which intervention would be most appropriate?
Increase PEEP
Increase tidal volume
Increase sedative
Administer labetalol
31
32
Multiple Choice
A client is brought into the ED with respiratory distress. ABG results pH 7.44, HCO3 22, pCO2 28, PaO2 54.
Which type of respitory failure is this client experiencing and what is the treatment?
Acute respiratory failure type I; treatment is supplemental oxygen.
Acute respiratory failure type II; treatment is mechanical ventilation.
33
Multiple Choice
Which would be a cause of hypercapnic respiratory distress?
Pneumonia
Myasthenia gravis
ARDS
Pulmonary embolism
34
Multiple Choice
A client presents to the ED with a severe asthma exacerbation. Which treatment would be priority?
Obtain a chest x-ray
35
ICU Delirium
36
Categorize
Slow to answer
Low energy
Reduced responsiveness
Decreased motor activity
Quiet demeanor
Restlessness
Increased talkativeness
Impulsivity
Rapid speech
Difficulty sitting still
Haloperidol
Precedex
Flat, withdrawn
Agitation
Match the symptoms with the correct type of delirum
Gas Exchange
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