Notes: What factors effect enzymes?

Only 3 you need to know about:

1. Temperature

2. pH ( Acid/Base)

3. Concentration (Enzyme or Substrate)

Notes: What is enzyme denaturation?

The shape of an enzyme is critical for its effectiveness as a catalyst.
Some environmental conditions can alter the shape of the enzyme, and this is called denaturation.
Two environmental conditions that can denature an enzyme are temperature & pH

Notes: How to read Enzyme graphs

Graph 1—The effect of Temperature Change on Enzyme Action

As temperature increases, the substrate and the enzyme molecules move more quickly, collide more often, and the rate of the reaction increases. The system reaches its optimum (best) temperature for enzyme activity. As the temperature increase above the optimum, the enzyme denatures (changes shape) and will no longer fit with the substrate. The reaction rate decreases

Notes: How to read Enzyme graphs

Graph 2—The effect of pH Change on Enzyme Action

pH is a measure of how acidic or basic a substance is. The system reaches its optimum (best) pH for enzyme activity. As the pH increases or decreased from the optimum, the enzyme denatures (changes shape) and will no longer fit with the substrate. The reaction rate decreases

Notes: How to read Enzyme graphs

Graph 3—The effect of Concentration on Enzyme Action

As more substrate is added to a mixture of enzyme and substrate, the reaction rate increases at first; but then levels off when all of the enzyme has been used up/is occupied with substrate. This is called the Point of Saturation. Adding more substrate after that point does not affect reaction rate.

Exit Ticket: On your Whiteboards

1. Explain what is occurring when a mixture of enzyme and substrate reach the saturation point. Include a graph in your answer

2. Describe why an enzyme increases its reaction rate as temperature increases

3. What happens to an enzyme when it is exposed to high heat or different pH’s? What does this mean?

5. An Enzyme is an example of a ___________________________ and it is made of monomers called _____________________________.