Volcanoes

Volcano formation at divergent boundary- Mid Ocean Ridge formation

Thus the mid-ocean ridge is also known as a "spreading center" or a "divergent plate boundary." The plates spread apart at rates of 1 cm to 20 cm per year. As oceanic plates move apart, rock melts and wells up from tens of kilometers deep.

Volcano formation at convergent boundaries: At Subduction zone

Volcano formation at convergent boundaries:
At Subduction zone

​At a convergent plate boundary, one plate dives or “subducts” beneath the other, resulting in a variety of earthquakes and a line of volcanoes on the overriding plate.

• Found underwater around 1952

• Older Crust is deposited into the Earth through a Trench.

• Then a New layer of Crust is made here.

Cinder

​Composite cones are tall, cone shaped volcanoes that produce explosive eruptions.

Shield volcanoes form very large, gently sloped volcanoes with a wide base.


Cinder cones are the smallest volcanic landform. They are formed from accumulation of many small fragments of ejected material.

The Ring of Fire, also referred to as the

Circum-Pacific Belt, is a path along the

Pacific Ocean characterized by active

volcanoes and frequent earthquakes.

The majority of Earth's volcanoes and

earthquakes take place along the Ring of

Fire.

A hot spot is an area on Earth over

a mantle plume or an area under

the rocky outer layer of Earth,

called the crust, where magma is

hotter than surrounding magma.

The magma plume causes melting

and thinning of the rocky crust

and widespread volcanic activity.

Hot spots