Unit 1: Native Texans - Southeastern and Gulf

American Indian Culture Groups of Texas

Karankawa – Gulf Culture

Jumano – Pueblo Culture

Caddo – Southeastern Culture

1

2

3

4

​Comanche - Plains Culture

Texas Indians

Southeastern Culture

Caddo

Wichita

Each Native

American culture had

different ways of

living because their
way of life depended
on their geography or

environment.

Caddo Tribe

Caddo Homes

http://www.texasbeyondhistory.net/kids/houses/

Caddo Tribe

⬜

Matrilineal: traced their

ancestors through their mother’s
family

⬜ Greeted outsiders with tears & wailing noises

⬜ Texas received its name from Caddo word for “friend”

⬜ Caddo were often at war with other tribes and Spanish settlers.

⬜ Friendly with French traders.

Caddo Mounds were used for public
religious ceremonies and as burial sites

Wichita Tribe

TRIBE

FOOD

HOUSING

Wichita

Farmed:

∙corn,

•beans

•squash

•pumpkin

•Plums

Hunted:

•deer

•buffalo

Same as
Caddo

∙
loin cloths

∙
moccasins

∙
tattooed

∙
“raccoon eyed”

Cradleboards: prized
possession

​

CLOTHING/
APPEARANCE

​

GOVT, BELIEFS, CUSTOMS

Texas Indians

Gulf Culture

Karankawa

Coahuiltecan

Each Native

American culture had

different ways of

living because their
way of life depended
on their geography or

environment.

Lived near the Gulf of Mexico

Karankawa Tribe

GEOGRAPHY

(location)

HOUSING MATERIALS

and SHELTER

MOVEMENT
S/N & Why

JOBS

(culture)

WARLIKE/ PEACEFUL Why

(Culture)

HOW DID THEY

ADAPTED/MODIFY

ENVIRONMENT

Coastal
Plains by
Gulf

Wigwams –
grass huts

Nomad,
always

looking for

food

Fishermen

Hunters

Warlike, not

afraid to

fight

Fished &
made dugout
canoes from
trees of area.
Used alligator
fat for
protection
from
mosquitoes.
Had grass
huts for
homes

Karankawa Tribe

Wigwam

dugout canoe

Coahuiltecan Tribe

TRIBE

FOOD

HOUSING

CLOTHING/
APPEARANCE

GOVT, BELIEFS, CUSTOMS

Coahuiltecan

Hunted:

•deer,

•javelina

•rabbit

•snake

•lizard

Foraged:

•Mesquite beans

•cactus

•Ants/eggs

Fish

∙
small temporary
shelters made
with sticks &
grass

∙
loin cloth &
animal hides

∙
yucca sandals

∙
rabbit shawls

∙
mitotes- dance
ceremonies

∙
Fished with bow
and arrow

∙
equal status for
men & women

Did not farm due to

dry climate