PERIODS OF ICT DEVELOPMENT

PRE-MECHANICAL PERIOD: It is the earliest form of communication among humans dating back 3 100 BCE.

PRE-MECHANICAL PERIOD: The papers were produced from these plants.

PRE-MECHANICAL PERIOD: These were considered the first data centers in history.

PRE-MECHANICAL PERIOD: It was introduced in the 2nd century considered to be the first counting device and the first device to process information.

MECHANICAL PERIOD: It is a mechanical calculator which was invented by the famous mathematician inventor Blaise Pascal along with Wilhelm Schickard to automate counting and calculations.

MECHANICAL PERIOD: It is considered the first programmable mechanical computer by Charles Babbage in 1837. He then earned the title, "Father of the Computers."

ELECTROMECHANICAL PERIOD: It transmits information over long distances coded in sounds of dots, spaces, and dashes over wired media. It was first invented by William Cooke and Sir Charles Wheatstone then, modified by Samuel Morse.

ELECTROMECHANICAL PERIOD: It enabled voice transmission over long distances in 1876 through the patent of Alexander Graham Bell. It converts sounds into electricity and enables network to transmit it over copper wires.

ELECTROMECHANICAL PERIOD: It was invented in 1939 by Alan Turing and was improved by Gordon Welchman to decipher the code that was generated by an encryption machine, the Enigma in World War II.

ELECTRONIC PERIOD: This era produced the first electronic and general purpose computer in 1946 named Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC) with an area of 167 square meters.

ELECTRONIC PERIOD: This era produced an electronic device with properties and functions similar to vacuum tubes, but it is lightweight and faster in 1947. It is also the foundation of every electronic device today

ELECTRONIC PERIOD: This era produced an electronic device composed of a group of transistors and circuit elements compressed in a single package, limiting the distances and making it faster. It was credited to Jack Kilby in 1958 where smaller devices were developed.

ELECTRONIC PERIOD: This era produced an electronic device through ICs evolving from basic textual interfaces to graphical user interfaces. Pier Giorgio Perotto and his team developed the Olivetti Programma 101 as first commercial personal computer in 1965 then upgraded to IBM 5150 in 1981 by Don Estridge.