Energy

• Energy is the ability to cause change

  • Energy can be classified 2 ways

    • potential energy

    • kinetic energy

  • many different forms and different effects

  • energy is expressed in joules (J)

when energy changes from one form to another.

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Energy Transformation:

Potential Energy

• stored energy

  • due to position energy stored and ready to use later

  • energy due to position, condition or chemical composition

Kinetic Energy

• the energy due to motion

amount of KE depends on its mass and speed

Different Forms of Energy

• Mechanical Energy

• Sound Energy

• Electromagnetic Energy

• Electrical Energy

• Chemical Energy

• Thermal Energy

• Nuclear Energy

Mechanical Energy

• sum of an object’s KE and PE

• energy of position and motion

Sound Energy

• kinetic energy

• caused by vibration of particles in a medium such as steel, water, or air

Electromagnetic Energy

• transmitted through space in the form of electromagnetic waves

  • visible light

  • x-rays

  • microwaves

Electrical Energy

• energy results from position or motion of charged particles

  • how we get light from power lines

Chemical Energy

• potential energy

• depends on the kinds of atoms and their arrangement

  • batteries

  • matches

  • breakdown of food

Thermal Energy

• kinetic energy

• particles move faster the higher the temperature

Nuclear Energy

Energy released when atoms break apart or when two small nuclei come together

• energy from sun is nuclear

Law of Conservation of Energy

Energy cannot be created or destroyed it only changes forms