PAST PARTICIPIAL PHRASES

First, let's review present participial phrases!

A past participle is a PAST TENSE verb that is used as an adjective.

• The past participles of regular verbs are usually formed by adding the suffix “-ed” (e.g., “learn” becomes “learned”).

• The past participles of irregular verbs have numerous endings like “-en,” “-n,” “-ne,” and “-t” (e.g., “bore" becomes "born").

Examples:

The children played with the excited dog.

The injured cyclist was helped by a passerby.
Born in 1965, the woman could not keep up with the new technology.

Past participial phrases

A past participial phrase is a group of words that describes a person, place, thing, or idea in the sentence.

A past participial phrase begins with a past tense verb, one that ends in –ed, -t,-en,-n, or -d and ends with a noun/pronoun.

EX: Excited about dinner, Jane ran the whole way home.

EX: The dog, frightened by the loud fireworks, hid under the couch.