Ionic Bonding Part II

​Transition Metals have more than one oxidation state

• The energy levels of the s shell and d shells are almost the same.

• Transition metals can lose electrons from either the s or the d shell.

  • resulting in different oxidation numbers

​Ions classifies names of ionic compounds they are composed of

• Fixed charge cations

  • Use Elemental name

• Fixed charge anions

  • Add suffix "ide"

    • oxide

Roman Numeral or Stock System

For atoms with more than one possible charge, a Roman numeral is used to identify which oxidation state is used in the reaction.

Copper (II) Sulfate = Cu(SO₄) versus Copper(I) Sulfate= Cu₂(SO₄)

"Sea of electrons"

• Delocalized electrons- Electrons that are not held to one specific atom

  • Move relatively freely

    • The overlapping of the same energy shells results in each atom equally pulling on electrons, allowing electrons to float from one metal atom to another freely.