Cell Structure Reteach

Cell Theory

1. All cells come from preexisting cells (meaning you first need a cell before you can have another one--cells divide and make more)

2. All organisms are composed of cells (if it was alive or ever was alive, it contains(ed) cells

3. Cells are the basic unit of life (all organisms contain one or more cells)

Cell Types

There are two main types of cells that we discuss in this unit:

● Unicellular-organisms with only one cell (bacteria, protists,

algae, and archaea)

● Multicellular-organisms with more than one cell (plant and

animal)

Plant Cells:

they must make their own food through photosynthesis

●Cell Wall-outermost layer of the cell, specific to only plants, protects the cells

●Cell Membrane-another layer of protection for the cell, allows things in and out of the cell

●Nucleus-control center of the cell

●Cytoplasm-gel-like substance that holds the cell together

●Mitochondria-breaks down glucose into energy

●Vacuoles-stores water, energy, and waste (very large and central)

●Chloroplast-uses sunlight and
chlorophyll to create glucose

Animal Cells:

cannot make their own food, must get food from other organisms

●

Cell Membrane-another
layer of protection for the
cell, allows things in and out
of the cell

●

Nucleus-control center of the cell

●

Cytoplasm-gel-like
substance that holds the cell together

●

Mitochondria-breaks down
glucose into energy

●

Vacuoles-stores water, energy, and waste (smaller than plant cell vacuoles)

If an organelle stops working...

...the cell dies.

All the organelles inside of a cell need to work together to keep it alive. If one or more organelles stop working, or it runs out of energy, the entire cell will die. If enough cells die, the organism will die.