Transcription and Translation Day 1

Transcription

●DNA is copied into a new
molecule to make a protein.

●This happens within the
Nucleus.

What is RNA?

RNA Structure

●RNA contains Uracil (U) instead of Thymine (T)

●Single stranded chain of nucleotides

Step one

● Helicase opens DNA

Step two

● RNA polymerase add bases

Let's practice (bottom of page)

● DNA: ATGGCTTAACGTACACAT

● m-RNA:

Let's practice

● DNA: ATGGCTTAACGTACACAT

● m-RNA: UACCGAAUUGCAUGUGUA

Step Three

● m-RNA leaves the nucleus to be translated

by ribosomes.

PART 2: Translation

RNA → Protein

WHERE does Translation happen?

1.

Helicase unzips DNA

2.

RNA polymerase adds
RNA nucleotides

3.

mRNA leaves the
nucleus to go to the
cytoplasm and
ribosomes

4.

mRNA arrives at the
ribosome

HOW does translation happen?

1.

Helicase unzips DNA

2.

RNA polymerase adds
RNA nucleotides

3.

mRNA leaves the
nucleus to go to the
cytoplasm and
ribosomes

4.

mRNA arrives at the
ribosome

5.

tRNA attaches amino
acids

Remember…

● Proteins are long chains

of amino acids

● The sequence of amino

acids determines the
protein’s structure and
function

1.

Helicase unzips DNA

2.

RNA polymerase adds
RNA nucleotides

3.

mRNA leaves the nucleus
to go to the cytoplasm
and ribosomes

4.

mRNA arrives at the
ribosome

5.

tRNA attaches amino
acids

6.

Complete protein leaves
the ribosome

Protein Synthesis Review

Base-pairing rules

Base-pairing rules

Base-pairing rules

Base-pairing rules

Decoding the genetic code

DNA

mRNA

tRNA

Protein

Computer Simulation/Practice

1. Open the link on

schoology titled Protein
Synthesis Simulation

2. Use the simulation to

complete the exit ticket.