Perfect Tenses

past actions/ events that happened before other past actions/ events.​

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Past Perfect tense

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had + past participle

​e.g.

had seen

had visited​

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• This tense is formed by have/has + the past participle.

• The first element is have or has, depending on the subject the verb is conjugated with.

• The second element is the past participle of the verb, which is usually formed by adding -ed or -d to the verb’s root (e.g., walked, cleaned, typed, perambulated, jumped, laughed) 

• Few verbs that have irregular past participles are: done, said, gone, known, won, thought, felt, eaten.

to show an action that is expected to have been completed.

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Ex: I will have reached Trivandrum tomorrow by this time.