Lesson Objectives

• Explain the connections between ethnicity and inequality

• Discuss examples of racial prejudice in history

• Define the following:

  • ​Racism

  • Prejudice

  • Institutional Racism

  • Apartheid

IGCSE Sociology

Activity: Bucket Activity

You will be given a crumpled scratch paper.

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Your goal is to shoot the paper into the bucket.

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You are not required to move your seat.​

​What if we label the people closer to the bucket as white people, and those farther from the bucket as black or coloured people?

One US study found that job resumes with traditionally white-sounding names received 50% more callbacks than those with traditionally Black names.

Did you know?

Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab. “Discrimination in the Job Market in the United States.” https://www.povertyactionlab.org/evaluation/discrimination-job-market-united-states. Accessed Feb. 5, 2020

In New York City, 88% of police stops in 2018 involved Black and Latinx people, while 10% involved white people. (Of those stops, 70% were completely innocent.)​

New York Civil Liberties Union. “Stop-and-Frisk Data.” https://www.nyclu.org/en/stop-and-frisk-data.

Did you know?

In sociology, the term race is now rarely used and has been replaced by ethnicity.

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Race​ refers to the once common belief that humans could be divided into biologically distinct races.

Race?

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One common division was the following:

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• Caucasoid (White)

• Negroid (Black African)

• Mongoloid (Asian)​

​These labels allegedly go together with physical characteristics and often mental and behavioural traits decided by the unique biological make-up of the group.

An unexamined opinion that a group of people are inferior or different.

​​Racial Prejudice

Any discrimination against individuals on the basis of their skin colour, or racial or ethnic origin.

​​Racial Discrimination

We still use the term race when people act as if race did exists such as in the following terms.

Happens when someone suffers a disadvantage because of their ethnic or perceived racial group:

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• not giving them a job or a promotion​

Racial Discrimination

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*racism is more general term used interchangeably with racial discrimination

Institutional Racism

Built into the way that an organisation or system works so that discrimination is not the result of individual prejudice or discriminatory actions.

Example: Colonisation

During the colonial times, the Europeans established empires and racial inequality was common and expected.​

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Basic expectation: whites were better than coloured people.​

Elite: a privileged group at the stop of stratification system. They had more life chances compared to the indigenous people or locals.

History of Discrimination

In the lands of White settlement (USA, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand), the indigenous people often faced discrimination and had a second-class status.

Some text here about the topic of discussion

South Africa's Apartheid

Stratification system in South Africa until 1994 based on keeping racial groups apart.

Apartheid

​During the implementation of the Apartheid, South Africa's inhabitants were classified into four racial groups:

• Natives​

• Whites

• Coloured

• Asian​

Laws kept the groups apart in terms so where they lived, their work and their access to health and education services.

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Black South Africans (75% of the population​) received inferior services and few political rights.

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South Africans struggled for freedom until the system was eventually abolised when they elected Nelson Mandela as president.​

Activity

The class will analyze an image. The class will be divided into six groups assigned to cover three topics:

• Functionalism

• Marxism

• Right-wing view​

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Read pp. 100-101 as reference.

Bus Segragation Policy

Tasks:

• Create a presentation (next meeting) that covers the following guide questions:

  • Describe the photo in three ways.

  • Explain how your assigned view (Functionalism, Marxist​ or Right-wing) would respond to such an image.

  • Reflect on this question: how should society deal with people's ethnic differences?