Scientific article: a publication that is based on empirical evidence. It can support a hypothesis with original research, describe existing research or comment on current trends in a specific field.​

​Usually an "if... then..." sentence.

The one that is observed or measured in the experiment: it will change as the independent variable is altered.

Dependent variable

This variable is the one that is manipulated or changed by the scientist.

Independent variable

Variables

any factor that can be manipulated, controlled for, or measured in an experiment.

Control variable

They are controlled to remain constant: they must not be changed throughout the experiment (or else, they might alter the results!)

Vocabulary for the experiments

Pay attention!

A measurement of how acidic or alkaline/basic a substance (always a liquid) is.​

Measured according to the substance's voltage / with reactants.​

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pH

How much sweetness does the additive have.

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Measured in numbers.​

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Regular sugar (sucrose) has a sweetening power of 1

​Sweetening power

Oxidation

A reaction that occurs in the presence of oxygen, responsible for the deterioration of the quality of food products: the taste, smell, and even texture may change.

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Generally undesirable= we want to stop it.​

Focusing on food science

Gelatin

Basically, a lot of protein that we heat up to undo its structure and then let it cool to get it to form other bonds = another structure, trapping substances inside (even water)

Enzymes

Important substances made by the cells.

They are catalysts (substances that control how quickly chemical reactions occur). Enzymes help the body perform such tasks as digestion and growing new cells.

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They can help undo the ​bonds between proteins, sugars...

Level 7 | Science

Some fruits have enzymes