Earth Science Study Guide

By Candy Ortiz

• The water cycle illustrates the continual flow of water on Earth and in the atmosphere. It's a complicated system with many separate processes. Liquid water evaporates into vapor, forms clouds, and precipitates as rain and snow on the ground.

The Water Cycle

• Weathering occurs when a rock is altered or broken but stays in its original location.

• Erosion occurs when worn rock fragments are carried away.

​

What is the difference between weathering and erosion?​

• A mountain, or hill, able to spew molten rock from the earth's core.

• Molten rock inside volcano = Magma​

• Molten rock outside volcano = Lava​

• 4 Oceans. (Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, and the Arctic.)

• ​The Pacific Ocean is the largest

• ​Our oceans cover more than 70 percent of the Earth's surface

• ​The majority of life on Earth is aquatic.

Earth's Oceans

​

• A natural feature on Earth's ​surface.

• Mountains, hills, plateaus, and plains are the four major types of landforms.

• Minor landforms include buttes, canyons, valleys, and basins

Landforms

• A natural event such as a flood, earthquake, or hurricane that causes great damage or loss of life.

• ​Flash floods, volcano eruptions, earthquakes, tsunamis, avalanches, mud and landslides, sinkholes, droughts, blizzards, hurricanes, tornadoes, and wildfires are all examples of Natural Disasters.

• Many of these can change an area in seconds!

• Almost entirely of metal

• Majority iron and nickel.​

• Reduce refers to reducing the quantity of waste we produce. Reuse is finding new purposes for items instead of throwing them out. Recycling means turning something old and obsolete into something new and helpful.

M​ake Sure You Study!