This is used to evoke a certain emotional response from a reader or listener. The aim is to persuade using language to stimulate an emotional reaction.

Example:  It’s appalling and tragic to see how some animals are treated in certain parts of the world.

In persuasive writing or speaking, the most important functions of these are expressing obligation and probability.

Example:  We must fight for the freedom to choose.

We, citizens in Hong Kong, should participate in the budget plan annually depending on our needs.

These are factual data used in a persuasive way.

Example: 80% of the DSE students would either end up studying locally or overseas.

This comes in threes. This is a powerful tool in driving your point across. Famous speakers such a Martin Luther King and Winston Churchill were known for using this in their speeches.

Example:

…we shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets; we shall never surrender (Churchill & Cannadine, 1989).”

I asked you, is this fair, is it right, is it just?

Do not require an answer. They are used to create a dramatic effect or make a point. These are great for making your audience think.

Example: How much longer will this injustice continue?

This is exaggerated language to create a bigger effect on your audience.

Example: While we await the principal's decision, the whole student body holds its breath.

This is used to create certain image in your audience’s mind and make an audience feel the same way about your subject as you do.

Example: Imagine being cast out into the stage, frightened and watched by millions.

1.     This is language that goes beyond the literal meaning of words to get a message or point across.

Example:

She dances elegantly like a swan.

The actor is a walking wardrobe.

The photo sings a different tune.