Exploration and Colonization / The Industrial Revolution

-In 1415, in order to establish new trade routes, he sent explorers to Africa.

​-Founded a Navigation school

-Marked the beginning ​of the Age of Exploration

Sailed along the coast of Africa to open trade with Asia. Wanted to get spices, silk, and gems.

Bartolomeu Dias

In the late 1400s traveled the coast of Africa to expand trade routes to Asia.

Vasco da Gama

1530s he explored North America for France.

Jacques Cartier

Sailed around the world in 1577.

Sir Francis Drake

Small ships did not always survive the strong storms at sea.

Stormy Seas

Some diseases thrived on ships - like scurvy.

​​Disease

They were traveling to unknown places with unknown dangers and challenges.

Into the Unknown

-Colonies: Areas controlled by a distant country.

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Establishing Colonies

The Industrial Revolution was an age of great developments in technology that changed how people worked and lived.

-Began in Great Britain in the 1700s.

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-The Textile (manufacturing of cloth) industry started the revolution.​

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-Machines were run using water from the stream.​

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The Revolution Begins

Previously, most people made cloth by hand in their homes.

Before

​Machines allowed people to make cloth much faster, but they were too large for homes.

​​The Beginning

Factories built where each person would work on a small part of the final product.

Factory System

-1776: James Watt developed the steam engine

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-Coal became an important raw material​

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The Steam Engine

France and Belgium became leaders in textile manufacturing.

Textiles

Germany built iron processing factories.

Iron

The first railroad was built in England in 1825.

England

Pros:

1. Cities grew rapidly

2. Standards of living rose

3. Prosperous middle class grew​

4. Sewer systems created

5. Public health acts passed​

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​Cons:

1. Child labor was common (5 year olds chained to machines)

2. Worked up to 16 hours per day

3. Diseases spread quickly in small houses​

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