​We use the present perfect progressive to talk about something which started in the past and continues now or which has a present result (cause or effect).

​

• ​She has been training for a half-marathon.

​We use present perfect progressive and present perfect simple to talk about past actions or states which are still connected to the present.

​

​The present perfect simple usually focuses on the result of the activity in some way, and the present perfect continuous usually focuses on the activity itself in some way. 

Present Perfect Simple Present Perfect Progressive

​Focus on the result: Focus on the activity:

You've cleaned the bathroom! It looks lovely! I've been gardening. It's so nice

out there.

​

​Says 'how many' Says 'how long'

She's read ten books this summer. She's been reading that book all

​day.

​

​Describes a completed action: Describes an activity which may

continue:

​I've written you an email. I've been writing emails.