Solids, Liquids, and Gases

​

• ​Solids- particles are tightly packed, vibrate in place and have a definite volume and shape.

• ​Liquids- Particles are loose and can move, they have a definite volume, but not a definite shape.

• ​Gases- Particles are spread far and move easily, they have no definite shape or volume

• ​Plasma- particles are loose and can move like water, but have no definite shape or volume like gas and are electrically charged.

• ​surface tension- the pulling of molecules toward each other.

• ​viscosity- the resistance of flowing

• ​thermal energy - the total kinetic and potential energy of an object or substance

• ​temperature- the measure of kinetic energy of an object or substance, the faster the movement the higher the temperature. heat always flows form hotter objects to cooler objects.

Pressure = Force/​Area, it is caused by gases pushing on a surface. The atmosphere (air around you) is constantly applying pressure to you. This pressure can also effect the boiling point of water. Places high in the atmosphere require a lower temperature to boil water.

​

​This is when gas turns into a liquid.

​Takes place when gas cools down.

​

​

​

​

​When you see gas, such as clouds, fog, or water vapor from a boiling pot, you are actually seeing tiny droplets of liquid that are suspended in air.

​

​

​

​This is when solids don't melt, instead they turn directly into a gas. This is caused by the solids gaining so much energy so quickly, they cannot exist as a liquid.

​