Geography Test Revision

Landscapes- an area of the Earth’s surface that is made of geographical features that are unique to that area. Landscapes can be NATURAL or HUMAN.

Natural landscapes are made up of landforms

Some natural landscape examples are: coastal, mountain, riverine and arid.

Landforms- a natural feature of the earth's surface. Landforms make up landscapes. They are made of natural processes. 

These natural processes include: tectonic movements, weathering, erosion transportation and deposition

The Earth has 4 layers: the inner core, the outer core, the mantle and the crust

The thinnest layer of the Earth is the crust, the crust is considered the lithosphere

The crust is broken into tectonic plates

Tectonic plates move due to convection currents underneath them (moving magma)

There are different types of boundaries where tectonic plates meet

Diverging plates create valleys, trenches and volcanoes

Converging plates create mountain ranges and volcanoes (at subducting plates)

Transforming plates cause earthquakes but no landforms

Coastal landscapes are created by weathering, erosion transportation and deposition

Weathering is the break down of Earth to smaller pieces

Erosion is the movement of material by water, wind or ice.  

Deposition is when material that is eroded is laid down in one place and builds up.

Hazards- A threat (natural or human) that has the potential to cause loss of life, injury or damage

Disaster-  A major hazard event that causes widespread disruption to a community or region. There is significant loss of life or a big impact on the environment and economy, and the affected community is unable to deal with, without outside help.