EOG Review Biology Part 1

Photosynthesis- plants make their own food.  Plants take in carbon dioxide (CO₂), sunlight, & water (H₂O) and produce glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) and oxygen (O₂).

Cellular Respiration- When an organism takes in glucose (food) and it is broken down to be used as energy (ATP) for the body.

Calorie- measure of energy in food

Do you have a balanced diet?- fruits, vegetables, meat, dairy, carbohydrates

Simple carbohydrates- provides your body with short lasting amounts of energy.

Complex carbohydrates- provides your body with long lasting amounts of energy.

Protein- meat, beans, fish, chicken, eggs, nuts

Dairy- milk, yogurt, cheese

Exercise allows your body to bring in more oxygen.

Metabolism turns your food into energy.

Biotic factors= living (animals, plants, etc); Abiotic factors= non-living (sun, water, oxygen, etc)

Niche= your role; Habitat= where you live

Density-dependent Factors- Limiting Factors that operate more strongly on large populations than small ones.  (food, space, shelter, disease)

Density-independent factors- Limiting factors that occur regardless of the population size.  Mostly abiotic such as weather changes, natural disasters (fires)

Autotroph/producer= makes its own food from sun

Heterotroph/consumer= has to eat other things for energy

Decomposer= breaks down dead & decaying organisms (bacteria; mushrooms)

Be able to know food webs & food chains and how they change

90% of energy is lost at each level as you move up the energy pyramid.  Only 10% travels up.

Carbon Cycle- goes to atmosphere through humans, decomposition, fossil fuels; carbon leaves atmosphere through plants

Nitrogen Cycle- enters ground through organic matter and nitrogen fixation and returns to atmosphere through nitrification

Predators eat other animals for survival.

Prey are animals that could potentially end up being food for other animals!

Mutualism - An animal relationship in which each organism benefits from the interaction in some way. 

Commensalism - An animal relationship in which one organism benefits from the other without harming it.

Parasitism is a symbiotic relationship between species, where one organism, the parasite, lives on or inside another organism, the host, causing it some har