Volcanoes and Earthquakes

that slide past one another.

the lava cools off and becomes magma.

that move away from each other.

that move toward each other.

Study an area’s earthquake history.

Stand next to a window.

Make sure that water heater is in place.

Take heavy objects down from shelves.

S-Waves, Surface Waves, P-Waves

Surface waves, S-Waves, P-Waves

P-Waves, Surface Waves, S-Waves

P-Waves, S-Waves, Surface Waves

S-Waves, Surface Waves, P-Waves

Surface waves, S-Waves, P-Waves

P-Waves, Surface Waves, S-Waves

P-Waves, S-Waves, Surface Waves

The focus is the point on the surface directly above the epicenter. The epicenter is the area beneath the Earth's surface where rock that is under stress breaks, triggering an earthquake.

The focus is the point at which the seismometer detects earthquake waves. The epicenter is the first point to suffer earthquake damage.

The epicenter is the point at which the seismometer detects earthquake waves. The focus is the first point to suffer earthquake damage.

The focus is the area beneath Earth's surface where rock that is under stress breaks, triggering an earthquake. The point on the surface directly above the focus is called the epicenter.

Climate.

Amount of trapped gas.

Viscosity of the lava.

Amount of water vapor.

Low-sloping volcanic mountain. Created by low viscosity lava and gentle eruptions over time.

A tall, cone-shaped volcanic mountain. Created with layers of ash, pumice, and hardened high viscosity lava.

Steep cone-shaped hill of tephra (volcanic debris) that accumulates around and downwind from the vent.

Deep cracks in the ground near other volcanic activity that allow lava to erupt. Usually nonexplosive.

Low-sloping volcanic mountain. Created by low viscosity lava and gentle eruptions over time.

A tall, cone-shaped volcanic mountain. Created with layers of ash, pumice, and hardened high viscosity lava.

Steep cone-shaped hill of tephra (volcanic debris) that accumulates around and downwind from the vent.

Deep cracks in the ground near other volcanic activity that allow lava to erupt. Usually nonexplosive.

Low-sloping volcanic mountain. Created by low viscosity lava and gentle eruptions over time.

A tall, cone-shaped volcanic mountain. Created with layers of ash, pumice, and hardened high viscosity lava.

Steep cone-shaped hill of tephra (volcanic debris) that accumulates around and downwind from the vent.

Deep cracks in the ground near other volcanic activity that allow lava to erupt. Usually nonexplosive.

A volcano that is actively erupting.

Not currently erupting but could at any time.

Permanently unable to erupt. No seismic activity occurring.

Magma is hotter, lava is cooler

Magma is molten rock above Earth's surface; lava is below Earth's surface

Magma is cooler, lava is hotter

Magma is molten rock that is found beneath the surface; lava has reached Earth's surface

Sierra Nevada Seismic Zone

Denali Fault

San Fransisco

San Andreas

Sierra Nevada Seismic Zone

Denali Fault

San Fransisco

San Andreas