Elemental gases

one of the four fundamental states of matter

A pure gas may be made up of individual atoms , elemental molecules or compound molecules

A gas mixture, such as air, contains a variety of pure gases.

the vast separation of the individual gas particles.

The interaction of gas particles considered negligible

The only chemical elements that are stable diatomic homonuclear molecules at 25°C and standrard pressure are H₂, N₂, O₂, and two halogens: F₂ and Cl₂.

When grouped together with the monatomic noble gases – He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe and Rn

– these gases are called "elemental gases".

structure, polarity, secondary bonding, lattice system

solubility in i) water & ii) other relevant solvents

acid-base character

redox behaviour

manufacture

"chemistry"

ideal gases - real gases (models)

Avogadro Law and molar volumes (0°C/ 20°C/ 25°C and standard pressure)

empirical gas laws

state equation of ideal gases: pV=nRT

velocity equation and diffusion: Graham's Law

 $M_1<\overline{M}<M_2$  

 $\overline{M}=x_1\cdot M_1+x_2\cdot M_2$  ahol  $x_1+x_2=1$  

Számoláshoz használt alakban!

 $\overline{M}=x_1\cdot M_1+\left(1-x_1\right)\cdot M_2$  

 $\overline{M}=x_1\cdot M_1+x_2\cdot M_2+...+x_n\cdot M_n$  

 $\overline{M}=\sum_{i=1}^nx_i\cdot M_i$  feltéve  $\sum_{i=1}^nx_i=1$  

relative density: d=M₁/M₂

absolute density for "notable states" : ρ=M/V_m

absolute density from pV=nRT

V_m(25°C, standard p)=24,5 dm³/mol

V_m(20°C, standard p)=24,0 dm³/mol

V_m(0°C, standard p)=22,41 dm³/mol