Nouns

add 's' to the nouns (boys,cows,bears,bottles,chairs

add 'es' to nouns ending in -s,-ch,-sh and -x (glasses,watches,bushes,boxes,dishes,foxes)

add 'es' to some nouns ending in -o (mangoes,potatoes,tomatoes,buffaloes)

some change completely (child - children, ox - oxen, man - men, woman - women, foot - feet, tooth - teeth, mouse - mice, goose - geese)

change -y into -ies (fly - flies, lady - ladies, baby - babies, lorry - lorries, city - cities, story - stories)

change -f or -fe into -ves (leaf - leaves, calf - calves, knife - knives, shelf - shelves)

some nouns do not change at all either in singular or plural forms (deer, sheep, equipment, furniture)

some nouns are used only in the plural forms (shorts, scissors, spectacles, pyjamas, trousers, jeans)

some nouns are meant to be in plural form (mathematics, draughts, athletics, physics, news)