Methods of Philosophizing, part 4

Which fallacy is the following an example of?

I have dated two Katherines, and they broke my heart. Therefore, all Katherines are not good girlfriends (or boyfriends, for that matter).

Which fallacy is the following an example of?

Guns are like hammers - they're both tools with metal parts which can be used to kill someone. And yet you wouldn't restrict hammers, so why would you restrict guns?

Which fallacy is the following an example of?

If we encourage teaching family/reproductive planning, women will feel more empowered to choose to abort their babies. If women feel more empowered to do this, more women will actually abort their babies, and we will become morally bankrupt.

Which fallacy is the following an example of?

When we raise a side issue to distract our opponent or the audience, like so:

In talking about the pandemic response, the media has a very crucial role. One of the most important things for media to do is to give information to the people. This is why news media should be careful in broadcasting the right information. So when the media doesn’t say what the government wants it to say, then the media company should be punished. Therefore NBC-SBA should not be given a license.

Which fallacy is the following an example of?

When the lockdown was lifted, people started going back to work. At the same time, the number of cases kept rising. People must not be following health protocols, so they should be arrested.

Which fallacy is the following an example of?

Please give me a passing grade; I've worked so hard despite my circumstances.

Which fallacy is the following an example of?

When we misrepresent the argument of our opponent because it is easier to refute, like:

Feminists want to ban all pornography and punish everyone who reads it! But such harsh measures are surely inappropriate, so the feminists are wrong: porn and its readers should be left in peace.