Flashcards on the Industrial Revolution

The Industrial Revolution occurred from the late 18th century to the mid-19th century (roughly 1750–1850).

The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain and later spread to Europe, North America, and beyond.

Introduction of new farming techniques such as crop rotation and the seed drill by Jethro Tull.

The Enclosure Movement consolidated small farms, increasing efficiency but displacing farmers.

Surplus labor moved to cities, creating an urban workforce for factories.

Britain had abundant coal and iron ore, which were essential for industrialization.

Britain's isolation as an island helped avoid wars that could disrupt industry.

Capital availability from trade and colonies supported industrial growth.

A stable government supported private property and free enterprise.

The Bessemer process was developed later to improve steel production.