Arduino

To act as a power supply for all components.

To serve as the central processing unit, controlling connected components through code.

To convert digital signals into analog signals.

To provide wireless communication capabilities.

A 16-bit processor with 64KB memory and 8MHz clock speed.

An 8-bit processor with 32KB memory and 16MHz clock speed.

A 32-bit processor with 128KB memory and 20MHz clock speed.

A 64-bit processor with 16KB memory and 4MHz clock speed.

High, Medium, Low

Input, Output, Analog

High (5V), Low (0V), Input

Transmit, Receive, Process

They output digital signals, converted by a Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC).

They measure continuous voltages, converted by an Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC).

They provide stable power, regulated by a Voltage Regulator.

They transmit data wirelessly, facilitated by a Serial-to-USB Converter.

Arduino Studio, Python

Arduino IDE, Java

Arduino IDE, Modified C++

Arduino Workbench, C#

start() (runs once) and run() (runs repeatedly)

setup() (runs once) and loop() (runs repeatedly)

initialize() (runs once) and execute() (runs repeatedly)

begin() (runs once) and process() (runs repeatedly)

digitalRead() for setup, analogWrite() for loop

pinMode() for setup, digitalWrite() for loop

attachInterrupt() for setup, delay() for loop

serialBegin() for setup, readPin() for loop

Green LED for close, yellow for medium, red for far.

Red LED for far, yellow for medium, green for close.

Green LED for far, yellow for close, red for very close.

Green LED for far, yellow for medium, red for very close.