elektrolisis

Positive, Negative

Negative, Positive

Negative, Negative

Positive, Positive

Na(s) and Cl2(g)

Cl2(g) and Na(s)

Na+(l) and Cl-(l)

H2(g) and O2(g)

Metal ions from Group IA, IIA, Al, or Mn

Water (H2O)

Hydrogen ions (H+)

Other metal ions (not from Group IA, IIA, Al, or Mn)

The inert anode itself

Halide ions (F-, Cl-, Br-, I-)

Hydroxide ions (OH-)

Water (H2O)

Ya

Tidak

2Cl-(aq) → Cl2(g) + 2e-

2H2O(l) → O2(g) + 4H+(aq) + 4e-

Cu(s) → Cu2+(aq) + 2e-

Fe(s) → Fe2+(aq) + 2e-

2H2O(l) → O2(g) + 2H2(g)

4OH-(aq) → 2H2O(l) + O2(g) + 4e-

Mg2+(aq) + 2e- → Mg(s)

Mg(OH)2(aq) → Mg(s) + O2(g) + H2(g)

Oxygen gas is produced at the anode.

Hydrogen gas is formed at the cathode.

Copper is transferred from the anode to the cathode.

Sulfate ions are oxidized at the anode.

The anode is made of the impure metal, and the cathode is made of the pure metal.

The anode is made of the pure metal, and the cathode is made of the impure metal.

Both anode and cathode are made of the impure metal.

The electrolyte contains a salt of a different metal than the one being purified.