What is the correct path through the circulatory system which describes the passage of blood originating in the left leg?

Vena cava, right atrium, right ventricle, lungs, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta

Vena cava, left atrium, right atrium, lungs, left ventricle, right ventricle, aorta

Vena cava, right atrium, left atrium, lungs, right ventricle, left ventricle, aorta

Vena cava, left atrium, left ventricle, lungs, right atrium, right ventricle, aorta

In terms of being open or closed, what is the state of the mitral and tricuspid valves (left and right atrioventricular valves, respectively) at the end of the first heart sound?

Mitral is closed, tricuspid is open

Mitral is open, tricuspid is closed

At the instant following the second heart sound, which heart valves are open?

Both atrioventricular valves and semilunar valves

Choose the correct sequence of action potential conduction along the conductive tissues of the heart:

SA node → AV node → Bundle of His → Bundle branches → Purkinje fibers

SA node → AV node → Bundle of His → Purkinje fibers → Bundle branches

SA node → AV node → Bundle branches → Bundle of His → Purkinje fibers

SA node → AV node → Purkinje fibers → Bundle of His → Bundle branches

The right side of the heart forces blood to flow

through the systemic circulation

both "to the body" and "through the systemic circulation" are correct.

both "to the lung" and through the systemic circulation" are correct.

Like skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle

relies on calcium and ATP to contract.

is controlled by the stimulation of motor units.

uses temporal summation to increase contractile force.

has both fast-twitch and slow-twitch muscle fibers.

If the left bundle branch is damaged, what would be the effect on the activity of the heart?

Weak or absent contraction of the left ventricle

Weak or absent contraction of the left atrium

Sustained contraction of the left side of the heart

Increased stimulation of the left ventricle

Which of these is NOT a characteristic of cardiac muscle?

Elongated, branching cells usually with one nucleus

Special cell- to- cell contacts called intercalated disks

Can develop a significiant oxygen debt

Which of the following is TRUE of cardiac muscle?

Cardiac muscle tissue does not require nerve activity to stimulate a contraction.

Cardiac muscle tissue has slow Ca2+ voltage gates in the membrane that make cardiac muscle incapable of tetanus.

Cardiac muscle tissue has both an intracellular and extracellular source of Ca2+.

In cardiac muscle tissue, excitation spreads from cell to cell via intercalated disks.

Which of the following structures are able to spontaneously generate an action potential?

The atrioventricular node (AV node)

The left and right bunle branches

If an ECG indicates no P wave, a possible explanation would be:

damage to the ventricular muscle

excessive vagus nerve stimulation

ectopic beats in the ventricles

Where is the heart located?

In the mediastinum, resting on the diaphragm

What is the primary function of the left side of the heart?

Pump oxygenated blood to the rest of the body

Pump deoxygenated blood to the liver

Which is the correct sequence of blood flow through the heart?

RA---RV---Pulmonary veins---Left atrium---Left ventricle----aorta

Left atrium → Right atrium → Right ventricle → Aorta

Right ventricle → Pulmonary trunk → Left ventricle

Pulmonary veins → Right atrium → Aorta

What does preload refer to?

Stretch of the ventricular walls at the end of diastole

Pressure in the arteries during systole

Volume of blood ejected per heartbeat

Resistance against which the heart pumps

What does the term "afterload" describe?

Resistance faced by the ventricles during contraction

Stroke volume ejected by the left ventricle

The volume of blood remaining in the ventricles

Diastolic pressure in the pulmonary arteries

What does Starling's law of the heart state?

Increased preload leads to stronger contraction

Increased heart rate decreases stroke volume

Cardiac output decreases with reduced preload

Aortic pressure regulates myocardial oxygen demand

What is the primary action of the right ventricle?

Pump blood into systemic circulation

Receive blood from the pulmonary veins

What is the purpose of pericardial fluid?

Lubricates the heart for easier movement during contraction

Prevents the valves from stretching

Maintains electrical conduction

2025 CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

Authored by Stephanie Vin Flores

Health Sciences

University

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45 questions

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

All of the following are functions of the heart EXCEPT:

generation of blood pressure.

ensuring one-way flow of blood.

generation of the formed elements of the blood.

regulation rate and force of blood delivery.

distribution of oxygenated blood to tissues.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which of these statements concerning the form and location of the heart is correct?

The apex is the most superior part of the heart.

The apex is directed to the left, and deep to the 5th intercostal space.

The base of the heart is directed inferior and slightly posterior.

The most superior part of the heart is deep to the 12th intercostal space.

Both "The apex is the most superior part of the heart." and "The base of the heart is directed inferior and slightly posterior." are correct.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

. The blood vessels that supply oxygenated blood to the heart tissue itself are the

pulmonary veins.

coronary arteries.

coronary sinuses.

pulmonary trunks.

venae cavae.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which of these statements about the coronary arteries is true?

The left coronary artery supplies the anterior wall of the heart and most of the left ventricle.

The right coronary artery supplies most of the right ventricle.

Blood flow through the coronary arteries is greatest during ventricular diastole (relaxation).

A heart attack occurs if a coronary artery is blocked.

All of the choices are correct.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

The right atrium

is the location of the pacemaker cells of a normal heart.

prevents blood flow from the right ventricle to the right atrium.

prevents blood flow from the left ventricle to the left atrium.

prevents blood flow from the pulmonary artery to the right ventricle.

prevents blood flow from the aorta to the left ventricle.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

A large groove that runs around the heart, and separates the atria from the ventricles, is the

anterior interventricular septum.

posterior interventricular septum.

coronary sinus.

coronary sulcus.

cardiac fissure.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which of these valves is found between the right atrium and the right ventricle?

Tricuspid valve

Bicuspid (mitral) valve

Aortic semilunar valve

Pulmonary semilunar valve

Interventricular septum

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2025 CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

All of the following are functions of the heart EXCEPT:

Which of these statements concerning the form and location of the heart is correct?

. The blood vessels that supply oxygenated blood to the heart tissue itself are the

Which of these statements about the coronary arteries is true?

The right atrium

A large groove that runs around the heart, and separates the atria from the ventricles, is the

Which of these valves is found between the right atrium and the right ventricle?

The bicuspid (mitral) valve

The aortic semilunar valve

The pulmonary semilunar valve

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