T-22

Behaviorism Theory

Vygotsky’s Scaffolding

Ausubel’s Meaningful Learning Theory

Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences Theory

It can affect students’ self-esteem

It facilitates personalized teaching

It increases student motivation

It reduces the need for teacher adaptation

It decreases student participation

It promotes peer learning

It simplifies assessment

It prevents conflicts in class

Traditional rows

Pair seating

U-shape

Random grouping

It improves pronunciation

It reduces math anxiety

It ensures classroom discipline

It fosters extensive reading

Allowing them to leave class early

Giving them extra work

Assigning them extension tasks

Asking them to help organise the classroom

Grammar-Translation Method

Natural Approach

Communicative Approach

Task-Based Approach

Prioritizing memorization of grammar rules

Using repetition-based learning

Teaching only in the students’ native language

Promoting authentic communication

To make lessons more decorative

To reinforce classroom rules and routines

To replace verbal instructions completely

To create an artistic environment

By replacing all spoken instructions with icons

By making information more accessible and structured

By limiting communication to images only

By removing the need for teacher guidance