Chemical Bonds - Covalent

Covalent bond

Hydrogen bond

Metallic bond

Ionic bond

2

1

3

4

Polar covalent bond

Nonpolar covalent bond

Metallic bond

Ionic bond

Oxygen gas (O2)

Carbon dioxide (CO2)

Water (H2O)

Hydrogen gas (H2)

The difference between a polar and nonpolar covalent bond lies in the unequal sharing of electrons in polar bonds compared to equal sharing in nonpolar bonds.

Polar bonds always involve a metal and a nonmetal

Polar bonds have more ionic character than nonpolar bonds

Nonpolar bonds involve the sharing of electrons between different elements

Electronegativity is the tendency of an atom to repel shared electrons in a covalent bond.

Electronegativity is the tendency of an atom to attract a shared pair of electrons towards itself in a covalent bond.

Electronegativity is the ability of an atom to lose electrons in a covalent bond.

Electronegativity is the measure of the size of an atom in a covalent bond.

Fewer shared electrons result in a stronger covalent bond.

The number of shared electrons has no effect on the strength of a covalent bond.

More shared electrons result in a stronger covalent bond.

Shared electrons weaken the covalent bond.

A coordinate covalent bond is a type of ionic bond.

A coordinate covalent bond involves sharing electrons between two different atoms.

A coordinate covalent bond is a type of covalent bond where both electrons come from the same atom.

A coordinate covalent bond is always formed between two different elements.

A double covalent bond involves the sharing of only one pair of electrons.

Two atoms share three pairs of electrons to form a double covalent bond.

Two atoms share two pairs of electrons to form a double covalent bond.

A double covalent bond is formed by the transfer of electrons between two atoms.

A sigma bond involves electron sharing in a plane perpendicular to the internuclear axis.

A sigma bond is formed by the overlap of p orbitals.

A sigma bond is a type of covalent bond where the electron density is concentrated along the internuclear axis between two atoms.

A sigma bond is weaker than a pi bond.